{"id":634,"date":"2026-07-23T05:50:29","date_gmt":"2026-07-23T05:50:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/?p=634"},"modified":"2026-07-23T05:56:50","modified_gmt":"2026-07-23T05:56:50","slug":"creating-and-using-procedures-in-oracle-pl-sql","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/?p=634","title":{"rendered":"Creating and Using Procedures in Oracle PL\/SQL"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is a Procedure?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A <strong>Procedure<\/strong> is a named PL\/SQL block that performs a specific task. It is stored in the Oracle database and can be executed multiple times whenever needed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Advantages of Procedures<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Code reusability<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Better performance (compiled and stored in the database)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Easier maintenance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Improved security (users can execute procedures without direct table access)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reduces code duplication<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Syntax of Creating a Procedure<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>CREATE &#91;OR REPLACE] PROCEDURE procedure_name\n(\n    parameter_name datatype &#91;IN | OUT | IN OUT]\n)\nIS\n-- Variable declarations\nBEGIN\n    -- Executable statements\nEXCEPTION\n    -- Exception handling\nEND;\n\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Parameter Modes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Mode<\/th><th>Description<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>IN<\/strong><\/td><td>Passes values to the procedure (Default mode).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>OUT<\/strong><\/td><td>Returns values from the procedure.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>IN OUT<\/strong><\/td><td>Passes values into the procedure and returns modified values.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example 1: Simple Procedure (Without Parameters)<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Employee Table<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>EMP_ID<\/th><th>EMP_NAME<\/th><th>SALARY<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>101<\/td><td>Rahul<\/td><td>35000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>102<\/td><td>Priya<\/td><td>42000<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Create Procedure<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE display_message\nIS\nBEGIN\n    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Welcome to Oracle PL\/SQL');\nEND;\n\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Execute Procedure<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>EXEC display_message;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">or<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>BEGIN\n    display_message;\nEND;\n\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Welcome to Oracle PL\/SQL<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example 2: Procedure with IN Parameter<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Create Procedure<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE show_employee\n(\n    p_empid IN NUMBER\n)\nIS\n    v_name EMPLOYEE.EMP_NAME%TYPE;\n    v_salary EMPLOYEE.SALARY%TYPE;\nBEGIN\n    SELECT EMP_NAME, SALARY\n    INTO v_name, v_salary\n    FROM EMPLOYEE\n    WHERE EMP_ID = p_empid;\n\n    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name : ' || v_name);\n    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary : ' || v_salary);\nEND;\n\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Execute<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>EXEC show_employee(101);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Employee Name : Rahul\nSalary : 35000<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example 3: Procedure with OUT Parameter<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Create Procedure<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE get_salary\n(\n    p_empid IN NUMBER,\n    p_salary OUT NUMBER\n)\nIS\nBEGIN\n    SELECT SALARY\n    INTO p_salary\n    FROM EMPLOYEE\n    WHERE EMP_ID = p_empid;\nEND;\n\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Execute<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>DECLARE\n    v_salary NUMBER;\nBEGIN\n    get_salary(101, v_salary);\n    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary = ' || v_salary);\nEND;\n\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Salary = 35000<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example 4: Procedure with IN OUT Parameter<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Create Procedure<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE increase_salary\n(\n    p_salary IN OUT NUMBER\n)\nIS\nBEGIN\n    p_salary := p_salary + 5000;\nEND;\n\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Execute<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>DECLARE\n    v_salary NUMBER := 35000;\nBEGIN\n    increase_salary(v_salary);\n    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Updated Salary = ' || v_salary);\nEND;\n\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Updated Salary = 40000<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example 5: Procedure to Insert Employee Record<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE add_employee\n(\n    p_id NUMBER,\n    p_name VARCHAR2,\n    p_salary NUMBER\n)\nIS\nBEGIN\n    INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE\n    VALUES (p_id, p_name, p_salary);\n\n    COMMIT;\n\n    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Added Successfully');\nEND;\n\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Execute<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>EXEC add_employee(103,'Amit',45000);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Employee Added Successfully<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example 6: Procedure to Update Salary<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_salary\n(\n    p_empid NUMBER,\n    p_increment NUMBER\n)\nIS\nBEGIN\n    UPDATE EMPLOYEE\n    SET SALARY = SALARY + p_increment\n    WHERE EMP_ID = p_empid;\n\n    COMMIT;\n\n    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary Updated Successfully');\nEND;\n\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Execute<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>EXEC update_salary(101,5000);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example 7: Procedure with Exception Handling<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE employee_details\n(\n    p_empid NUMBER\n)\nIS\n    v_name EMPLOYEE.EMP_NAME%TYPE;\nBEGIN\n    SELECT EMP_NAME\n    INTO v_name\n    FROM EMPLOYEE\n    WHERE EMP_ID = p_empid;\n\n    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name : ' || v_name);\n\nEXCEPTION\n    WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN\n        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Not Found');\n\n    WHEN OTHERS THEN\n        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Unexpected Error');\nEND;\n\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Execute<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>EXEC employee_details(999);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Employee Not Found<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to View Procedure Source Code<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SELECT TEXT\nFROM USER_SOURCE\nWHERE NAME = 'DISPLAY_MESSAGE'\nORDER BY LINE;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to Drop a Procedure<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>DROP PROCEDURE display_message;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Difference Between Procedure and Function<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Feature<\/th><th>Procedure<\/th><th>Function<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Return Value<\/td><td>Optional (using OUT parameter)<\/td><td>Must return one value using <code>RETURN<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Invocation<\/td><td><code>EXEC<\/code> or PL\/SQL block<\/td><td>SQL statement or PL\/SQL block<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Parameters<\/td><td>IN, OUT, IN OUT<\/td><td>Mainly IN parameters; returns value with <code>RETURN<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Usage<\/td><td>Performs actions (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, etc.)<\/td><td>Computes and returns a value<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is a Procedure? A Procedure is a named PL\/SQL block that performs a specific task. It is stored in the Oracle database and can be executed multiple times whenever needed. Advantages of Procedures Syntax of Creating a Procedure Parameter Modes Mode Description IN Passes values to the procedure (Default mode). OUT Returns values from [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-634","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-oracle"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What is a Procedure? A Procedure is a named PL\/SQL block that performs a specific task. It is stored in the Oracle database and can be executed multiple times whenever needed. 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A Procedure is a named PL\/SQL block that performs a specific task. It is stored in the Oracle database and can be executed multiple times whenever needed. Advantages of Procedures Code reusability Better performance (compiled and stored in the database) Easier maintenance Improved security (users can execute procedures without direct table","og:url":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/?p=634","article:published_time":"2026-07-23T05:50:29+00:00","article:modified_time":"2026-07-23T05:56:50+00:00","twitter:card":"summary_large_image","twitter:title":"Creating and Using Procedures in Oracle PL\/SQL - Mital's Blog","twitter:description":"What is a Procedure? A Procedure is a named PL\/SQL block that performs a specific task. It is stored in the Oracle database and can be executed multiple times whenever needed. Advantages of Procedures Code reusability Better performance (compiled and stored in the database) Easier maintenance Improved security (users can execute procedures without direct table"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"634","title":"#post_title #separator_sa #site_title","description":"#post_excerpt","keywords":null,"keyphrases":{"focus":{"keyphrase":"","score":0,"analysis":{"keyphraseInTitle":{"score":0,"maxScore":9,"error":1}}},"additional":[]},"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":"","og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"BlogPosting","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":"default","schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":"-1","robots_max_videopreview":"-1","robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":"default","local_seo":null,"breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"ai":{"faqs":[],"keyPoints":[],"schemas":[],"titles":[],"descriptions":[],"socialPosts":{"email":{"subject":"","preview":"","content":""},"linkedin":[],"twitter":[],"facebook":[],"instagram":[]}},"created":"2026-07-23 05:50:31","updated":"2026-07-24 04:48:56","seo_analyzer_scan_date":null},"aioseo_breadcrumb":"<div class=\"aioseo-breadcrumbs\"><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\" title=\"Home\">Home<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/?cat=30\" title=\"oracle\">oracle<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\tCreating and Using Procedures in Oracle PL\/SQL\n\t\t<\/span><\/div>","aioseo_breadcrumb_json":[{"label":"Home","link":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in"},{"label":"oracle","link":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/?cat=30"},{"label":"Creating and Using Procedures in Oracle PL\/SQL","link":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/?p=634"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/634","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=634"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/634\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":635,"href":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/634\/revisions\/635"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=634"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=634"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=634"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}