1)Find command:-<\/p>\n\n\n\n
find . -name a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
find \/ -perm \/u=r<\/p>\n\n\n\n
find sss -name c.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
find -type d -name sss<\/p>\n\n\n\n
find ~ -name “a.txt”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#Find all Empty Directories
find \/tmp -type d -empty<\/p>\n\n\n\n
find \/tmp -type f -name “.*”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
find \/ -size 50M<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2)pg Command:-<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pg a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pg -c a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pg -e a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3)more command :-<\/p>\n\n\n\n
more -c a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
more -d a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cat a.txt | more
ls | more<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4)less command:-(allow scrolling)
Ctrl + f : forwards one window
Ctrl + d : forwards half window
Ctrl + b : backwards one window
Ctrl + u : backwards half window
j : forward by one line
k : backward by one line<\/p>\n\n\n\n
less a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5)head command:-<\/p>\n\n\n\n
head -5 a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
6)tail command:-
tail -5 a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
7)wc command :-
wc -l a.txt
wc -c a.txt
wc -w a.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
8)touch command
-a:-This option changes the access time only
-m:-This option changes the modification time only.
-r:-Uses the access and modification times from the reference file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
touch a
touch b
stat a
touch -m a b
stat a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
touch -r a.txt b.txt
touch m.txt a.txt -m<\/p>\n\n\n\n
touch -c -d “16 sep” doc2<\/p>\n\n\n\n
touch -d “2 hours ago” filename
touch test{1..10}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
=)regular expression searching command
1)grep command:-(global regular expression print)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
grep “m” a.txt
grep “M” a.txt
grep -i “M” a.txt #case insensitive
grep -c “M” a.txt #line count
grep -n “M” a.txt #line number
grep -w “MM” a.txt # word<\/p>\n\n\n\n
grep -f a.txt b.txt #mathching of two file
grep -L “unix” * #file names that matches & pattern<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2)fgrep command:-fixed-character strings in a file
fgrep “mm” a.txt
fgrep -c “m” a.txt #line number
fgrep “m” *.txt
fgrep -l “@a” a.txt #print filename
fgrep -n “@a” a.txt #print line number
fgrep -x “a” a.txt #display only lines matched entirely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3)egrep command:- =>working with columns and fields cut -b 1,2,3 stat.txt cat > b.txt cut -d “;” -f1 b.txt \/\/-f column name 2)paste:- 3)join:- => 2)unique command:- 3)uniq music ls – l >hello #output(stdout) cat > a 1)cmp:- 2)comm:-‘comm’ command is used to compare two files or streams. By default, it displays three columns, first displays non-matching items of the first file, second indicates the non-matching item of the second file, and the third column displays the matching items of both files.<\/p>\n\n\n\n comm a b #linebyline<\/p>\n\n\n\n 3)diff:- =>changing information to file cat file | tr [a-z] [A-Z] 2)sed (stream editor programme)<\/p>\n\n\n\n cat > a.txt sed ‘s\/unix\/linux\/’ a.txt 3)od:- MATHEMATICAL CALCULATION<\/p>\n\n\n\n BC command:-<\/p>\n\n\n\n x=10 factor command:-<\/p>\n\n\n\n factor 10<\/p>\n\n\n\n MONITORING INPUT OUTPUT<\/p>\n\n\n\n tee command:- who | tee a.txt # content remove and data script command:-(record all the terminal activities) DATE & TIME RELATED COMMAND<\/p>\n\n\n\n cal date +\u201c%A\u201d #display weekday COMMUNICATION COMMAND<\/p>\n\n\n\n wall l.txt #write a message to all users write stud #send message on users<\/p>\n\n\n\n mail -s “hello world” some@gmail.com<\/p>\n\n\n\n finger mital #show information of users<\/p>\n\n\n\n mesg #control write access to your terminal ping www.google.com PROCESS RELATED COMMANDS nice #set the priority of the process kill #located in (\/bin\/kill) at 12:15 #to schedules a command to be run once at a particular time. crontab -l #view logged in current user enteries in crontab<\/p>\n\n\n\n sleep 10s S= for second (the default) wait<\/p>\n\n\n\n top #active linux Processes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" 1)Find command:- find . -name a.txt Find Read-Only Files find \/ -perm \/u=r find sss -name c.txt find -type d -name sss find ~ -name “a.txt” #Find all Empty Directoriesfind \/tmp -type d -empty . File all Hidden Files find \/tmp -type f -name “.*” find \/ -size 50M 2)pg Command:- pg a.txt clear screen […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-74","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/74","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=74"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/74\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":76,"href":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/74\/revisions\/76"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mitalgoswami.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=74"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
egrep “mital” * #globally search
egrep “m” a.txt
egrep -c “mm” a.txt #linenumber mathched
egrep -l “mm” a.txt # print filename
egrep -n “mm” a.txt # print linenumber
egrep -r “m” m.txt egrep -r “m<\/em>” . #recursively searching whole root<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1)cut:-
cat > stat.txt
Andhra Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Assam
Bihar
Chhattisgarh
ctrl+z<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cut -b -3 stat.txt
cut -c 2,3 stat.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
01234:567;89
abcd:drg;ij
ctrl+z<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cut -d “:” -f2 b.txt
who | cut -c 1-2<\/p>\n\n\n\n
paste a.txt b.txt
paste -d “%” a.txt b.txt
paste -d “1,” a.txt b.txt c.txt
cat stat.txt | paste<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cat > a.txt
1 aaa
2 vvv
^Z
cat > b.txt
1 xxx
2 ccc
^Z
join a.txt b.txt
join a.txt b.txt > l.txt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1)sort command:-
sort -r a.txt #reverse
sort -n a.txt #numerical character
sort -u a.txt # duplicate remove display
sort -c a.txt #if already sorted no output
sort -k2 a.txt #particular column
sort -m a.txt # sort monthwise<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cat > music
i love music
i love music
i love music<\/p>\n\n\n\n
uniq -u music #unique line
uniq -d music #duplicate line
uniq -c music # count<\/p>\n\n\n\nredirection and piping<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
cat >> out.txt #append data
cat >> out.txt < l.txt # input data (stdin)
cat file.txt | grep “mm” a.txt
cat m.txt | more<\/p>\n\n\n\ncomparing file<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
This is a Line1
^z
cat > b
This is a Line2
^z<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cmp a b #byte<\/p>\n\n\n\n
diff a b # >line < line<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1)tr[translate)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
at b.txt | tr ‘hello’ ‘HELLo’
cat file | tr [:lower:] [:upper:]
echo “Welcome To Geetanjali” | tr [:space:] “\\t”
tr -d W <<< “Welcome to Geetanjali” #remove “W”
echo “my ID is 73535” | tr -d [:digit:] #remove digit
echo “my ID is 73535” | tr -cd [:digit:] #complete digit
echo “hello world” | tr -d ‘ ‘
echo -e “hello\\nworld” | tr -d ‘\\n’<\/p>\n\n\n\n
unix is great os. unix is opensource. unix is free os.
learn operating system.
unix linux which one you choose.
unix is easy to learn.unix is a multiuser os.Learn unix .unix is a powerful.
^z<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sed ‘s\/unix\/linux\/2’ a.txt #change 2 line
sed ‘s\/unix\/linux\/g’ a.txt #globally replacement<\/p>\n\n\n\n
od -b a.txt #convert file in octal format
od -c a.txt #convert character format<\/p>\n\n\n\n
y=20
echo $x+$y | bc<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cat > a
1
2
3
cat >b
4
5
6
wc -l a |tee -a b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
who | tee -a a.txt #add existing file<\/p>\n\n\n\n
script a
date
time
cal
exit
cat a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cal 2022<\/p>\n\n\n\n
display date in mm\/dd\/yy
date +\u201c%D\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
wall Submit Your UNIX Assignment Tomorrow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
mesg [y\/n]<\/p>\n\n\n\nThe ping command sends an echo request to a host available on the network.<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
ping 216.58.203.4
ping localhost<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ps #display about active process
ps -f #full display
ps -u mital #specific user<\/p>\n\n\n\n
nice -10 gnome-terminal<\/p>\n\n\n\n
kill -l #to display all available signal
kill 1024<\/p>\n\n\n\n
at tuesday +2 hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sleep 1m<\/p>\n\n\n\n
m=for minutes.
h= for hours.
d= for days.
EXAMPLE:
\uf0d8
Create file \u2018test.sh\u2019 and run with sh<\/code>
echo \u201cdisplay Message After 10Second\u201d
sleep 10
echo \u201cWelcome\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n